财新《大学怎样对抗 AI 作弊》
逐字对照

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

In 1876, an editorial in Princeton's newly founded campus newspaper, The Princetonian, argued against the use of proctors to monitor exams.

Proctoring was “a means of bad moral education,” the author wrote. Treat students as presumptively dishonest, and some would become so; treat them as honorable, and they would learn to behave honorably.

“Let every man write at the end of his paper a pledge that he has neither given nor received help, and let professors and tutors address themselves to some better business than watching for fraud.”

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

That proposal was eventually embodied in Princeton's famous Honor Code, adopted in 1893 and modified only lightly in the ensuing 133 years.

When students take their final exams, professors leave the room. Students write down a pledge not to cheat. They are expected to report anyone who does. Any student accused of impropriety comes before a jury of their peers.

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

The code lasted through two world wars, the upheaval of the 1960s, the disillusionment of Watergate, and even the rise of search engines and SparkNotes.

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

It finally met its match in generative AI.

Yesterday, after the rise of AI-facilitated cheating became too obvious to ignore, Princeton's faculty voted to begin proctoring exams again.

Technically, the Honor Code is still in place. Students will still sign a pledge that they didn't cheat. But now professors will be watching to make sure they're telling the truth. The Honor Code can't run on the honor system anymore.

Inside Higher Ed · Emma Whitford · 2026-07-08

For the first time since he started teaching Welfare Economics and Social Choice Theory nearly two decades ago, Brown University economics professor Roberto Serrano gave his students a take-home midterm this spring.

Quite a few students had expressed anxiety about being in a classroom after a gunman killed two students and injured nine in a December mass shooting at Brown, and so “it was appropriate,” he said, to allow students to take their exams at home.

When the midterm came along, the average score was 96 percent. He and his graders ran the test through ChatGPT. The AI gave answers that mirrored what his students had written.

He and his graders […] changed the final exam to an in-person test. […] 18 of them subsequently dropped the class. […] The average score on the final was 48.6 percent—by far a historic low.

Inside Higher Ed · Emma Whitford · 2026-07-08

In May, Serrano submitted the data shown above to Brown’s Standing Committee on the Academic Code and received no response.

After he went public with his story in late June, the committee […] asked Serrano to submit individual complaints against each student suspected of cheating, including copies of their exams.

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

A student who wanted to cheat had to go to the trouble of finding someone who would let them copy their answers.

The internet and the shift to doing work on computers rather than by hand dramatically lowered the barriers to cheating. […] AI has taken that dynamic to new extremes.

It can mimic any writing style, produce a unique essay, and add in typos to make it appear human-authored. The available detectors are not foolproof. Studies have consistently found that teachers are worse than they think at detecting AI usage.

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

In the school newspaper's survey of graduating seniors, which 501 students responded to, 30 percent said that they had cheated, 28 percent said that they had used ChatGPT on an assignment when it was not allowed, and 45 percent said that they knew of cheating by a peer and chose not to report it.

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

That makes students who play by the rules feel like suckers.

“There’s an air of people cheating on take-homes and people just using ChatGPT,” Makuc said. “As long as people think there is more cheating, it encourages more cheating.”

The Atlantic · Rose Horowitch · 2026-05-12

Princeton's professors are finally trying to reset the system. Proctors are just one component. In the past year, the number of take-home exams at Princeton has declined by more than two-thirds.

Next year, the economics department will require its majors to do an oral defense of their research projects.

David Bell, a history professor, has also added in oral exams and switched from short take-home papers to in-class writing in blue books. One of his colleagues in the history department forces students to write their papers in Google Docs so that he can review the stages of their composition.

Brown University · GAITL Committee Report · 2026-07-07

P. 38Conduct literature searches and reviews.

P. 37Revise drafts you have written. Debug computer code. Brainstorm possible perspectives or arguments on a topic.